Nikola Kavaja lives in a drab, Communist-era high-rise in Belgrade, Serbia’s crumbling capital. His two-room apartment is sparsely furnished: a single mattress and dresser in one room and a scratched-up wooden desk, a couch, and a bench press in the other. The white walls are cluttered with pictures of the people who figure most strongly in his personal iconography: General Ratko Mladić, Saint Sava, Hitler, Jimmy Carter, and a young pinup who is his current girlfriend. Guns and old military gear provide further ornamentation. A blue thermal blanket covers the street window. 

Kavaja is seventy-three, but he looks no older than sixty. A strict weight-training routine gets him up every weekday before the sun. He is squarely built and muscular, with white hair cut to a military trim-line and a fighter’s mashed-up nose. Except for a fine white thread of mustache, he is clean-shaven. He usually wears black pants, black shirts, and black combat boots. 

Our conversation took place over the course of three mornings, with classical music playing softly in the background. Kavaja spoke slowly and quietly in Serbian, with an air of determined precision. An interpreter translated—except when Kavaja grew impatient with the process and resorted in brief bursts to English. At times he paused to place his hand on his forehead in search of a long-forgotten detail and stared off in the distance at nothing at all, or else looked down at his booted feet. 

 

 

INTERVIEWER

 

You were a World War II prisoner, a Communist soldier, a CIA hit man, a hijacker, and now you’re a fugitive on the run. Where to begin? 

 

NIKOLA KAVAJA

 

Write down my name. N-i-k-o-l-a K-a-v-a-j-a. You can call me Nik. Do you want some schnapps? 

 

INTERVIEWER

 

No thanks. I’m fine with water. 

 

KAVAJA

 

Water’s for pussies. 

 

INTERVIEWER

 

Most of the time I’d agree. But ten-thirty in the morning is a little early for me to be drinking shots of schnapps. 

 

KAVAJA

 

It’s a hello. You drink some schnapps with me. We drink together. 

 

INTERVIEWER

 

OK. 

 

KAVAJA

 

That’s better. Salud. So—I was born in Montenegro in 1933. I don’t want to name all of the places I lived as a kid because there were a lot of places. In 1941, when Hitler attacked Yugoslavia, I was living in Peć. I remember that year as the destruction of Yugoslavia. It was a hard time. My father and mother and I were all transferred to separate prison camps in Albania. My brothers went to the war. I was on my own in a work camp until October 1944. That’s when Russian troops reached Yugoslavia and forced the Germans to withdraw from the Balkans. 

I went back to Peć to find my mother. But she wasn’t there. No one was there. I had to fight for myself. The first time I killed someone was that year—a German soldier in Peć. He was wounded and leaning over the top of a well, getting water. I walked up to him, took him by the legs, and tossed him in like garbage. 

 

INTERVIEWER

 

You weren’t afraid? 

 

KAVAJA

 

My dick, was I ever afraid. I hated them. I couldn’t find my family anywhere. I searched for months. Eventually, I found my mother in Vojvodina. I learned that two of my brothers were killed in the war. After I finished school, I joined the air force academy and graduated seventh in my class of a hundred and seventy-seven pilots in Mostar. They made me a war pilot. Around that time, another brother of mine was thrown in jail for being anti-Communist. He wasn’t. But Tito was a suspicious man. Tens of thousands of military officers finished their careers in prison. They all fought for Tito and then they were thrown in jail for bullshit reasons. What kind of leader does that? 

 

INTERVIEWER

 

You never liked Tito? 

 

KAVAJA

 

I hated him. Around that time, I became a member of a top-secret anti-Communist group. That’s where my life really started. My commander, Milutin Abramović, was in the air force with me in Sombor. He knew about my brothers who were imprisoned and killed. I had cousins who went to jail too. That’s why he started giving me top-secret missions. Because my hatred was so personal. 

 

INTERVIEWER

 

What was the first job?

 

KAVAJA

 

He had me paint on the walls of the military barracks: LONG LIVE THE SOVIET UNION. DOWN WITH TITO. DOWN WITH THE COMMUNIST PARTY. It was a test, I think. But I did it. And for me, it was funny—a what-the-fuck kind of thing, you know. 

 

INTERVIEWER

 

How did Tito like your sense of humor? 

 

KAVAJA

 

I wrote that on a Saturday evening. By Sunday morning, military intelligence officers were searching for who did it. There was a huge alarm. None of us could leave the barracks. After two or three days of investigations, they started to lock people up. They arrested a major who was in charge of security that evening, and he got seven years in prison. Two of my friends were also arrested and sentenced to jail. But not me. So Abramović gave me another task. This time I was to fly to the Austrian and Hungarian borders and drop thousands of papers that had messages typed on them. What the fuck? I took the messages and smuggled them into my plane on the night shift. The messages said things like “People stand up! Fight for your freedom. Tito double-crossed the Yugoslavian people. Villagers, workers, take back what is yours.” 

 

INTERVIEWER

 

You weren’t afraid you’d get caught? 

 

KAVAJA

 

Who would have known? I was into football and girls. It made me laugh. I did it, and again there was a big alarm the next morning, and more people were arrested. 

The big assignment came next. It was June 1953. The order was to burn the gas tanks at the airport in Sombor. I knew all of those bases like I know my room. My commander gave me some time bombs and I set them up near the tanks, which had a million gallons of gas. A million gallons. I did it at night; I placed the bombs around the tanks and walked away. When the bombs went off, there was a massive explosion. It was incredible. I was far away but I could see huge yellow flames in the sky. When I saw that, I realized it wasn’t a joke anymore. I was in big shit. Police and investigators swarmed to the base and all the towns nearby. They arrested hundreds. I knew seven of them. One was a major hero. He got the death penalty. For nothing! The others died in prison. 

 

INTERVIEWER

 

You didn’t feel guilty about this? 

 

KAVAJA

 

Guilt? My dick. You don’t know about guilt. Schnapps? 

 

INTERVIEWER

 

I’m still working on this one, thanks. 

 

KAVAJA

 

Winter came. I was transferred to Nikšić and from there to Cerklje na Gorenjskem in Slovenia. It was November when Abramović was arrested. Somehow, they connected things to him. It was Saturday, I remember precisely. There was a dance party at one of the bases in a small town outside Cerklje, which is close to the Italian and Austrian border. I went with Sveto, a friend of mine, and we left later with two Slovenian schoolteachers. It was late. There were no lights on the street. We met a cadet on our way to the girls’ house. His name was Mile Šuković. He came over and asked to have a word with me. He didn’t want the girls to hear our conversation. He said that a lot of officers were arrested at the airport, and they had also asked about me and my friend Sveto. At the time, we didn’t know about my commander getting caught. But I knew this cadet Šuković’s mother and brother, and because of that connection, he said he wouldn’t tell the police where Sveto and I were. 

I sent the girls back to the party. Sveto said, Let’s go back to the base to see what they want. It was around four A.M. I told him, I’m not going back to the base because we’re going to be locked up. 

 

INTERVIEWER

 

Why was Sveto also in trouble? 

 

KAVAJA

 

Because he was my friend. He was guilty by association. Tito didn’t like loose ends. 

I went back to my building. There was an old Slovenian grandma there. Every evening she left a small glass of yogurt in front of my apartment door. The yogurt was still there that night, which meant the military hadn’t searched my place. I took my machine gun, a pistol, three grenades, a compass, binoculars, and a bag of clothes, and I became a deserter of the Yugoslavian air force. That’s a very serious thing, punishable by death. I knew they would chase us. Sveto and I discussed what to do. My suggestion was to cross the border illegally into Austria. 

We knew this border as pilots, but we’d never been there on foot. To get there, we walked only at night. We were exhausted, but we had to keep going. It wasn’t easy terrain. There were mountains and canyons and lots of snow. We slept in the woods. Sveto got so tired he couldn’t walk. So I carried him. It wasn’t easy. He was about my size. I put him on my back. Then we came to a mountain covered in heavy snow, up to my waist in places. The temperature was below zero. It would have taken days to go over. But there was a rail tunnel through the mountain. I decided to take a risk and go through the tunnel. I put Sveto down and he followed. The tunnel was a kilometer long. Sveto kept falling, but I pretended not to see him because I couldn’t carry him anymore. Somehow we got through. It was nearly midnight. Sveto said, Nik, leave me here, I cannot move anymore. But I wouldn’t leave him. By then we were in a military zone, basically a buffer zone between Austria and Slovenia. Only people with a special yellow paper were allowed in that area. Every citizen was armed with a gun. If they found people trying to escape, they could kill you and get a reward.