{"id":99205,"date":"2016-06-13T09:00:03","date_gmt":"2016-06-13T13:00:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/?p=99205"},"modified":"2016-06-13T10:58:18","modified_gmt":"2016-06-13T14:58:18","slug":"the-language-of-the-cockpit-and-other-news","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2016\/06\/13\/the-language-of-the-cockpit-and-other-news\/","title":{"rendered":"The Language of the Cockpit, and Other News"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"attachment_99207\" style=\"width: 610px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/65713bdc56231a97efb32ae95f7c8438.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-99207\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-99207\" class=\"wp-image-99207 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/65713bdc56231a97efb32ae95f7c8438.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"448\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/65713bdc56231a97efb32ae95f7c8438.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/65713bdc56231a97efb32ae95f7c8438-300x224.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (min-width: 62.5em) 67vw, 100vw\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-99207\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">From a vintage Trans World Airlines ad.<\/p><\/div>\n<ul>\n<li>In the grim aftermath of the tragedy in Orlando, Richard Kim pays tribute to gay bars as institutions: \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.thenation.com\/article\/please-dont-stop-the-music\/\" target=\"_blank\">My first gay bar was Crowbar. Like all great gay bars, Crowbar was a dump: dark, low-ceilinged, shitty sound system<\/a>. It was off Tompkins Square Park and Avenue B, when Tompkins Square Park was still a place you\u2019d go to to buy drugs. It smelled like mildew, urine, cheap vodka, and Designer Imposters body spray. It\u2019s long gone\u2014made extinct like too many wonders by gentrification and Giuliani\u2014but for a hot moment in the \u201990s, it was the single most fabulous place in the galaxy. Dance moves were invented there. People went in, and when they came out, they weren\u2019t just drunk\u2014they were different people. That\u2019s how powerful its juju was \u2026 Gay bars are therapy for people who can\u2019t afford therapy; temples for people who lost their religion, or whose religion lost them; vacations for people who can\u2019t go on vacation; homes for folk without families; sanctuaries against aggression.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>The language of the skies is like the language of the road, but less profane \u2026 more altitudinous. Mark Vanhoenacker, a pilot, calls it Aeroese, and has a longstanding fondness for it: \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/aeon.co\/essays\/the-language-of-the-cockpit-is-technical-obscure-and-irresistibly-romantic\" target=\"_blank\">We\u2019re instructed to pronounce three as \u2018TREE\u2019 and nine as \u2018NINER\u2019, and 25,000 as \u2018two-five thousand\u2019 (more specifically, \u2018TOO FIFE TOUSAND\u2019), not \u2018twenty-five thousand\u2019, because experience has shown that these modified pronunciations are less likely to be misunderstood<\/a>. Or, when a controller knows you\u2019re waiting to speak, they won\u2019t say, \u2018go ahead\u2019, because that could indicate approval of something they didn\u2019t hear you ask for. Instead they\u2019ll say: \u2018Pass your message.\u2019 If all this sounds prescriptive and rigid, it is. Our exchanges are almost purely transactional. There\u2019s no fat in the system, because it would take up precious airtime, and at worst it might introduce confusion. \u2018The excessive use of courtesies should be avoided,\u2019 warn our dour manuals.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Today in British people and their zany British pastimes: let us not forget that in centuries past they pursued an obsession with follies, i.e., pointless, decorative buildings: \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.spectator.co.uk\/2016\/06\/lets-celebrate-follies-englands-most-distinctive-contribution-to-world-architecture\/\" target=\"_blank\">Follies could take many forms. An occupied hermitage, of course, but ruined castles, kiosks, cottages, pyramids, altars, temples of virtue, alcoves, sepulchers, labyrinths, pavilions, pagodas and towers were all part of the repertoire<\/a> \u2026 Follies had to be eye-catching. That was the whole point \u2026 Perhaps the last great folly was built in the mid-1930s at Faringdon by Gerald Tyrwhitt-Wilson, Lord Berners \u2026 Berners understood his business: he explained to the planning inspectors, \u2018The great point of the tower is that it will be entirely useless.\u2019 Maybe not: today you can find a notice that says, \u2018Members of the public committing suicide from this tower do so at their own risk.\u2019 \u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Just when you start to believe that you know what you like, you use the Internet, and come to see that your preferences are as illusive as anything else about you. Louis Menand writes about the havoc that algorithms have wrought on taste: \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.newyorker.com\/magazine\/2016\/06\/20\/art-and-taste-in-the-internet-age\" target=\"_blank\">Taste is not congenital: we don\u2019t inherit it. And it\u2019s not consistent. We come to like things we thought we hated (or actually did hate), and we are very poor predictors of what we are likely to like in the future<\/a> \u2026 Understanding how traffic works is made exponentially more complicated by the fact that it\u2019s not just one person who is barely paying attention; all the drivers on the road are barely paying attention, and they\u2019re also reacting to each other. The same is true of taste. The reason stuff you don\u2019t like is out there is that other people do like it.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>They made a movie about Maxwell Perkins and Thomas Wolfe, and they called it <em>Genius<\/em>? Oh, this can\u2019t miss! Except that the film \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2016\/06\/10\/movies\/review-genius-puts-max-perkins-and-thomas-wolfe-in-a-literary-bromance.html?_r=0\" target=\"_blank\">depicts creation via furious montage. Tom stands at the refrigerator scribbling<\/a>. Max jabs and plucks at pages of typescript. Bourbon and martinis are consumed. Cigarettes are smoked. Women come and go \u2026 <em>Genius<\/em> sighs with palpable nostalgia for a supposed golden age of masculine artistic potency and paints the struggle for self-expression in familiar sentimental colors. For Tom, writing is the unbridled expression of the life force, something [Jude] Law indicates by hollering and gesticulating and allowing a stray lock of hair to fall just so across his brow.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In the grim aftermath of the tragedy in Orlando, Richard Kim pays tribute to gay bars as institutions: \u201cMy first gay bar was Crowbar. Like all great gay bars, Crowbar was a dump: dark, low-ceilinged, shitty sound system. It was off Tompkins Square Park and Avenue B, when Tompkins Square Park was still a place [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":38,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2512],"tags":[218,15842,1657,10939,4846,14003,22752,22751,11058,687,8479,81,21457,13138,22750,14405,12735,8478],"class_list":["post-99205","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-on-the-shelf","tag-airplanes","tag-algorithms","tag-architecture","tag-biopics","tag-britain","tag-communication","tag-follies","tag-gay-bars","tag-genius","tag-language","tag-maxwell-perkins","tag-movies","tag-orlando","tag-pilots","tag-richard-kim","tag-taste","tag-the-internet","tag-thomas-wolfe"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.4 (Yoast SEO v25.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Air Traffic Control: The Specialized Language of the Skies<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This and more in today\u2019s roundup.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2016\/06\/13\/the-language-of-the-cockpit-and-other-news\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Language of the Cockpit, and Other News by Dan Piepenbring\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"June 13, 2016 \u2013 In the grim aftermath of the tragedy in Orlando, Richard Kim pays tribute to gay bars as institutions: \u201cMy first gay bar was Crowbar. Like all great gay\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2016\/06\/13\/the-language-of-the-cockpit-and-other-news\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"The Paris Review\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/parisreview\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-06-13T13:00:03+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2016-06-13T14:58:18+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/65713bdc56231a97efb32ae95f7c8438.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"448\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Dan Piepenbring\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@parisreview\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@parisreview\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Dan Piepenbring\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2016\/06\/13\/the-language-of-the-cockpit-and-other-news\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2016\/06\/13\/the-language-of-the-cockpit-and-other-news\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Dan Piepenbring\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/6b16ca558fc538230f135c3220dfd3c8\"},\"headline\":\"The Language of the Cockpit, and Other News\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-06-13T13:00:03+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2016-06-13T14:58:18+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2016\/06\/13\/the-language-of-the-cockpit-and-other-news\/\"},\"wordCount\":751,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2016\/06\/13\/the-language-of-the-cockpit-and-other-news\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/65713bdc56231a97efb32ae95f7c8438.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"airplanes\",\"algorithms\",\"architecture\",\"biopics\",\"Britain\",\"communication\",\"follies\",\"gay bars\",\"genius\",\"language\",\"Maxwell perkins\",\"movies\",\"Orlando\",\"pilots\",\"Richard Kim\",\"taste\",\"the Internet\",\"Thomas Wolfe\"],\"articleSection\":[\"On the Shelf\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2016\/06\/13\/the-language-of-the-cockpit-and-other-news\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2016\/06\/13\/the-language-of-the-cockpit-and-other-news\/\",\"name\":\"Air Traffic Control: The Specialized Language of the Skies\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2016\/06\/13\/the-language-of-the-cockpit-and-other-news\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2016\/06\/13\/the-language-of-the-cockpit-and-other-news\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/65713bdc56231a97efb32ae95f7c8438.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-06-13T13:00:03+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2016-06-13T14:58:18+00:00\",\"description\":\"This and more in today\u2019s roundup.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2016\/06\/13\/the-language-of-the-cockpit-and-other-news\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2016\/06\/13\/the-language-of-the-cockpit-and-other-news\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2016\/06\/13\/the-language-of-the-cockpit-and-other-news\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/65713bdc56231a97efb32ae95f7c8438.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/65713bdc56231a97efb32ae95f7c8438.jpg\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2016\/06\/13\/the-language-of-the-cockpit-and-other-news\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"The Language of the Cockpit, and Other News\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/\",\"name\":\"The Paris Review\",\"description\":\"The best prose, interviews, poetry, and art. Since 1953.\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#organization\",\"name\":\"The Paris Review\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/tpr-hadada-roundell-logo-square.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/tpr-hadada-roundell-logo-square.png\",\"width\":696,\"height\":696,\"caption\":\"The Paris Review\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/parisreview\/\",\"https:\/\/x.com\/parisreview\",\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/parisreview\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/6b16ca558fc538230f135c3220dfd3c8\",\"name\":\"Dan Piepenbring\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/6fde7ced443ba5b52db3b06239dca8a2eaeff111fccecd7bf483663c99d2762b?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/6fde7ced443ba5b52db3b06239dca8a2eaeff111fccecd7bf483663c99d2762b?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Dan Piepenbring\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/author\/dpiepenbring\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Air Traffic Control: The Specialized Language of the Skies","description":"This and more in today\u2019s roundup.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2016\/06\/13\/the-language-of-the-cockpit-and-other-news\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"The Language of the Cockpit, and Other News by Dan Piepenbring","og_description":"June 13, 2016 \u2013 In the grim aftermath of the tragedy in Orlando, Richard Kim pays tribute to gay bars as institutions: \u201cMy first gay bar was Crowbar. Like all great gay","og_url":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2016\/06\/13\/the-language-of-the-cockpit-and-other-news\/","og_site_name":"The Paris Review","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/parisreview\/","article_published_time":"2016-06-13T13:00:03+00:00","article_modified_time":"2016-06-13T14:58:18+00:00","og_image":[{"width":600,"height":448,"url":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/65713bdc56231a97efb32ae95f7c8438.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Dan Piepenbring","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@parisreview","twitter_site":"@parisreview","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Dan Piepenbring","Est. reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2016\/06\/13\/the-language-of-the-cockpit-and-other-news\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2016\/06\/13\/the-language-of-the-cockpit-and-other-news\/"},"author":{"name":"Dan Piepenbring","@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/6b16ca558fc538230f135c3220dfd3c8"},"headline":"The Language of the Cockpit, and Other News","datePublished":"2016-06-13T13:00:03+00:00","dateModified":"2016-06-13T14:58:18+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2016\/06\/13\/the-language-of-the-cockpit-and-other-news\/"},"wordCount":751,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2016\/06\/13\/the-language-of-the-cockpit-and-other-news\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/65713bdc56231a97efb32ae95f7c8438.jpg","keywords":["airplanes","algorithms","architecture","biopics","Britain","communication","follies","gay bars","genius","language","Maxwell perkins","movies","Orlando","pilots","Richard Kim","taste","the Internet","Thomas Wolfe"],"articleSection":["On the Shelf"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2016\/06\/13\/the-language-of-the-cockpit-and-other-news\/","url":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2016\/06\/13\/the-language-of-the-cockpit-and-other-news\/","name":"Air Traffic Control: The Specialized Language of the Skies","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2016\/06\/13\/the-language-of-the-cockpit-and-other-news\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2016\/06\/13\/the-language-of-the-cockpit-and-other-news\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/65713bdc56231a97efb32ae95f7c8438.jpg","datePublished":"2016-06-13T13:00:03+00:00","dateModified":"2016-06-13T14:58:18+00:00","description":"This and more in today\u2019s roundup.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2016\/06\/13\/the-language-of-the-cockpit-and-other-news\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2016\/06\/13\/the-language-of-the-cockpit-and-other-news\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2016\/06\/13\/the-language-of-the-cockpit-and-other-news\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/65713bdc56231a97efb32ae95f7c8438.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/65713bdc56231a97efb32ae95f7c8438.jpg"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2016\/06\/13\/the-language-of-the-cockpit-and-other-news\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"The Language of the Cockpit, and Other News"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/","name":"The Paris Review","description":"The best prose, interviews, poetry, and art. Since 1953.","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#organization","name":"The Paris Review","url":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/tpr-hadada-roundell-logo-square.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/tpr-hadada-roundell-logo-square.png","width":696,"height":696,"caption":"The Paris Review"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/parisreview\/","https:\/\/x.com\/parisreview","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/parisreview"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/6b16ca558fc538230f135c3220dfd3c8","name":"Dan Piepenbring","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/6fde7ced443ba5b52db3b06239dca8a2eaeff111fccecd7bf483663c99d2762b?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/6fde7ced443ba5b52db3b06239dca8a2eaeff111fccecd7bf483663c99d2762b?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Dan Piepenbring"},"url":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/author\/dpiepenbring\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/99205","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/38"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=99205"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/99205\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":99211,"href":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/99205\/revisions\/99211"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=99205"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=99205"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=99205"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}