{"id":91885,"date":"2015-11-12T09:21:40","date_gmt":"2015-11-12T14:21:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/?p=91885"},"modified":"2015-11-13T13:24:08","modified_gmt":"2015-11-13T18:24:08","slug":"a-brief-history-of-shelving-and-other-news","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2015\/11\/12\/a-brief-history-of-shelving-and-other-news\/","title":{"rendered":"A Brief History of Shelving, and Other News"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"attachment_91886\" style=\"width: 610px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/wolfenbuttel_library.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-91886\" class=\"wp-image-91886\" src=\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/wolfenbuttel_library.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"487\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/wolfenbuttel_library.jpg 1276w, https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/wolfenbuttel_library-300x244.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/wolfenbuttel_library-1024x831.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (min-width: 62.5em) 67vw, 100vw\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-91886\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Titles on the spines: what a concept! A shelf in the Wolfenb\u00fcttel, Herzog August Bibliothek. Photo: Erik Kwakkel<\/p><\/div>\n<ul>\n<li>In 1650, William Pynchon\u2014Thomas\u2019s earliest colonial ancestor\u2014published <em>The Meritorious Price of Our Redemption<\/em>, a small quarto volume about, you know, God and stuff, which caused a hell-storm of controversy in Puritan New England: \u201cTo leading officials in the government of Massachusetts Bay, however, <a href=\"http:\/\/publicdomainreview.org\/2015\/11\/11\/the-price-of-suffering-william-pynchon-and-the-meritorious-price-of-our-redemption\/\" target=\"_blank\">this was an insidious text, an exercise in heresy\u2014one the Puritan clergy believed capable of throwing their young and vulnerable colony into irreversible chaos<\/a>. Pynchon, a prominent layman with a devoted constituency, was charismatic enough to inspire a movement similar to the Antinomian debacle that had nearly brought the colony to its knees in the previous decade \u2026 In addition to the burning of Pynchon\u2019s book, the General Court also commissioned a theologian named John Norton to write an official rebuttal \u2026 The General Court accepted [Pynchon\u2019s] contrition, though the magistrates did demand he appear before them again the following October. They set bail at \u00a3100. This time, Pynchon absconded.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Imagine what it must\u2019ve felt like to be the scribe who invented page numbers. Or title labels. Or spine titles. A physical book is an efficient device, but to look at the history of bookbinding is to see how momentous and hard-won these modest advances were, as Erik Kwakkel writes: \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/medievalbooks.nl\/2015\/11\/11\/judging-a-book-by-its-cover\/?utm_content=buffer20c64&amp;utm_medium=social&amp;utm_source=twitter.com&amp;utm_campaign=buffer\" target=\"_blank\">The early history of displaying a book\u2019s title and author on the outside is long and winding<\/a>: first the information\u00a0was found on the front or back, then on the fore-edge, and finally on the spine. This order is no coincidence, because it roughly\u00a0reflects another development, namely how books were stored: first flat (Early and Central\u00a0Middle Ages), then upright with the fore-edge facing\u00a0the reader (Later Middle Ages), and finally with the spine facing outward\u00a0(Early Modern period). Judging from surviving book bindings, the history of the dust jacket actually starts surprisingly late. After all, the earliest traceable specimens date from the fourteenth century.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Punk, which began as street fashion, has completed the final step in its transformation from ethos to consumerist movement: now it\u2019s just street fashion again, and we\u2019re left to wonder if there was ever really anything to it. \u201cForty years after Television\u2019s legendary residency at CBGB, the world is awash in punk. In the last twenty months, former\u00a0<em>Village Voice<\/em>\u00a0rock critic and punk champion Robert Christgau wrote a memoir about his downtown New York youth, Kim Gordon published her memoirs, Viv Albertine published hers, Richard Hell released the paperback edition of his, Patti Smith released the follow-up to her National Book Award\u2013winning memoir, and HarperCollins signed Lenny Kaye, Smith\u2019s guitarist, to write a memoir of his own. Ramones fans can look forward to a forthcoming Martin Scorsese\u2013helmed biopic and a documentary promising new footage of the seminal band, whose last founding member perished in 2014 \u2026 <a href=\"http:\/\/thebaffler.com\/salvos\/punk-crock-williamson\" target=\"_blank\">As punk pushes into its fourth decade, its rules, aesthetic, and parameters are still murky at best<\/a>. Does punk retain any meaning at all?\u201d<\/li>\n<li>On <a href=\"http:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/entertainment\/archive\/2015\/11\/why-writers-run\/415146\/\" target=\"_blank\">the connection between writing and running<\/a>: \u201cWriters, like runners, often like the idea of their pursuit more so than the difficult work. The appeal of a running regimen is how the miles not only condition the body, but free up a space for the creative mind \u2026 Since I\u2019ve returned to distance running, I\u2019ve changed the way I think about writing. Writing exists in that odd mental space between imagination and intellect, between the organic and the planned. Runners must learn to accept the same paradoxes, to realize that each individual run has its own narrative, with twists and turns and strains.\u201d<\/li>\n<li><em>The Paris Review<\/em>\u2019s intern Joshua Maserow on J. M. Coetzee: \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/thisisaerodrome.com\/review-jm-coetzee\/\" target=\"_blank\">Coetzee doesn\u2019t hate truth. In fact, he yearns for it<\/a> (transcendental, objective truth). The truth just doesn\u2019t seem all that comforting or that accessible. We must search for our truths but won\u2019t find them. He wears two hats: that of the hopeful Platonist (\u2018our engagements are with a constantly changing interplay between shadows (fictions) and the real\u2019) but also that of the weary pragmatist (\u2018the more a person has been offered sympathetic fictions of herself, the more easily she will be able to live within the fiction(s) she holds herself\u2019).\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In 1650, William Pynchon\u2014Thomas\u2019s earliest colonial ancestor\u2014published The Meritorious Price of Our Redemption, a small quarto volume about, you know, God and stuff, which caused a hell-storm of controversy in Puritan New England: \u201cTo leading officials in the government of Massachusetts Bay, however, this was an insidious text, an exercise in heresy\u2014one the Puritan clergy [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":38,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2512],"tags":[18188,829,5014,6412,18832,19064,8203,6125,20181,19461],"class_list":["post-91885","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-on-the-shelf","tag-bookbinding","tag-j-m-coetzee","tag-new-england","tag-punk","tag-punk-rock","tag-puritanism","tag-running","tag-shelves","tag-spines","tag-william-pynchon"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.4 (Yoast SEO v25.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The Invention of Page Numbers: Medieval Bookbinding<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This and more in today\u2019s roundup...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2015\/11\/12\/a-brief-history-of-shelving-and-other-news\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"A Brief History of Shelving, and Other News by Dan Piepenbring\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"November 12, 2015 \u2013 In 1650, William Pynchon\u2014Thomas\u2019s earliest colonial ancestor\u2014published The Meritorious Price of Our Redemption, a small quarto volume about, you know, God\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2015\/11\/12\/a-brief-history-of-shelving-and-other-news\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"The Paris Review\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/parisreview\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2015-11-12T14:21:40+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2015-11-13T18:24:08+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/wolfenbuttel_library.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1276\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1036\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Dan Piepenbring\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@parisreview\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@parisreview\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Dan Piepenbring\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2015\/11\/12\/a-brief-history-of-shelving-and-other-news\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2015\/11\/12\/a-brief-history-of-shelving-and-other-news\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Dan Piepenbring\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/6b16ca558fc538230f135c3220dfd3c8\"},\"headline\":\"A Brief History of Shelving, and Other News\",\"datePublished\":\"2015-11-12T14:21:40+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2015-11-13T18:24:08+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2015\/11\/12\/a-brief-history-of-shelving-and-other-news\/\"},\"wordCount\":731,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2015\/11\/12\/a-brief-history-of-shelving-and-other-news\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/wolfenbuttel_library.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"bookbinding\",\"J.M. Coetzee\",\"New England\",\"punk\",\"punk rock\",\"puritanism\",\"Running\",\"shelves\",\"spines\",\"William Pynchon\"],\"articleSection\":[\"On the Shelf\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2015\/11\/12\/a-brief-history-of-shelving-and-other-news\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2015\/11\/12\/a-brief-history-of-shelving-and-other-news\/\",\"name\":\"The Invention of Page Numbers: Medieval Bookbinding\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2015\/11\/12\/a-brief-history-of-shelving-and-other-news\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2015\/11\/12\/a-brief-history-of-shelving-and-other-news\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/wolfenbuttel_library.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2015-11-12T14:21:40+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2015-11-13T18:24:08+00:00\",\"description\":\"This and more in today\u2019s roundup...\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2015\/11\/12\/a-brief-history-of-shelving-and-other-news\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2015\/11\/12\/a-brief-history-of-shelving-and-other-news\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2015\/11\/12\/a-brief-history-of-shelving-and-other-news\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/wolfenbuttel_library.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/wolfenbuttel_library.jpg\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2015\/11\/12\/a-brief-history-of-shelving-and-other-news\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"A Brief History of Shelving, and Other News\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/\",\"name\":\"The Paris Review\",\"description\":\"The best prose, interviews, poetry, and art. Since 1953.\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#organization\",\"name\":\"The Paris Review\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/tpr-hadada-roundell-logo-square.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/tpr-hadada-roundell-logo-square.png\",\"width\":696,\"height\":696,\"caption\":\"The Paris Review\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/parisreview\/\",\"https:\/\/x.com\/parisreview\",\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/parisreview\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/6b16ca558fc538230f135c3220dfd3c8\",\"name\":\"Dan Piepenbring\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/6fde7ced443ba5b52db3b06239dca8a2eaeff111fccecd7bf483663c99d2762b?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/6fde7ced443ba5b52db3b06239dca8a2eaeff111fccecd7bf483663c99d2762b?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Dan Piepenbring\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/author\/dpiepenbring\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"The Invention of Page Numbers: Medieval Bookbinding","description":"This and more in today\u2019s roundup...","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2015\/11\/12\/a-brief-history-of-shelving-and-other-news\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"A Brief History of Shelving, and Other News by Dan Piepenbring","og_description":"November 12, 2015 \u2013 In 1650, William Pynchon\u2014Thomas\u2019s earliest colonial ancestor\u2014published The Meritorious Price of Our Redemption, a small quarto volume about, you know, God","og_url":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2015\/11\/12\/a-brief-history-of-shelving-and-other-news\/","og_site_name":"The Paris Review","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/parisreview\/","article_published_time":"2015-11-12T14:21:40+00:00","article_modified_time":"2015-11-13T18:24:08+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1276,"height":1036,"url":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/wolfenbuttel_library.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Dan Piepenbring","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@parisreview","twitter_site":"@parisreview","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Dan Piepenbring","Est. reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2015\/11\/12\/a-brief-history-of-shelving-and-other-news\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2015\/11\/12\/a-brief-history-of-shelving-and-other-news\/"},"author":{"name":"Dan Piepenbring","@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/6b16ca558fc538230f135c3220dfd3c8"},"headline":"A Brief History of Shelving, and Other News","datePublished":"2015-11-12T14:21:40+00:00","dateModified":"2015-11-13T18:24:08+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2015\/11\/12\/a-brief-history-of-shelving-and-other-news\/"},"wordCount":731,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2015\/11\/12\/a-brief-history-of-shelving-and-other-news\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/wolfenbuttel_library.jpg","keywords":["bookbinding","J.M. Coetzee","New England","punk","punk rock","puritanism","Running","shelves","spines","William Pynchon"],"articleSection":["On the Shelf"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2015\/11\/12\/a-brief-history-of-shelving-and-other-news\/","url":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2015\/11\/12\/a-brief-history-of-shelving-and-other-news\/","name":"The Invention of Page Numbers: Medieval Bookbinding","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2015\/11\/12\/a-brief-history-of-shelving-and-other-news\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2015\/11\/12\/a-brief-history-of-shelving-and-other-news\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/wolfenbuttel_library.jpg","datePublished":"2015-11-12T14:21:40+00:00","dateModified":"2015-11-13T18:24:08+00:00","description":"This and more in today\u2019s roundup...","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2015\/11\/12\/a-brief-history-of-shelving-and-other-news\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2015\/11\/12\/a-brief-history-of-shelving-and-other-news\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2015\/11\/12\/a-brief-history-of-shelving-and-other-news\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/wolfenbuttel_library.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/wolfenbuttel_library.jpg"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2015\/11\/12\/a-brief-history-of-shelving-and-other-news\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"A Brief History of Shelving, and Other News"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/","name":"The Paris Review","description":"The best prose, interviews, poetry, and art. Since 1953.","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#organization","name":"The Paris Review","url":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/tpr-hadada-roundell-logo-square.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/tpr-hadada-roundell-logo-square.png","width":696,"height":696,"caption":"The Paris Review"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/parisreview\/","https:\/\/x.com\/parisreview","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/parisreview"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/6b16ca558fc538230f135c3220dfd3c8","name":"Dan Piepenbring","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/6fde7ced443ba5b52db3b06239dca8a2eaeff111fccecd7bf483663c99d2762b?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/6fde7ced443ba5b52db3b06239dca8a2eaeff111fccecd7bf483663c99d2762b?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Dan Piepenbring"},"url":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/author\/dpiepenbring\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/91885","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/38"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=91885"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/91885\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":91953,"href":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/91885\/revisions\/91953"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=91885"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=91885"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=91885"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}