{"id":77509,"date":"2014-09-30T18:09:55","date_gmt":"2014-09-30T22:09:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/?p=77509"},"modified":"2014-09-30T18:34:27","modified_gmt":"2014-09-30T22:34:27","slug":"w-s-merwin-on-sir-thomas-wyatt","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2014\/09\/30\/w-s-merwin-on-sir-thomas-wyatt\/","title":{"rendered":"W. S. Merwin on Sir Thomas Wyatt"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Sir_Thomas_Wyatt,_by_Hans_Holbein_the_Younger\"<\/a>

Sir Thomas Wyatt, by Hans Holbein the Younger.<\/p><\/div>\n

Since it\u2019s both International Translation Day and W. S. Merwin\u2019s eighty-seventh birthday (many happy returns!)<\/em>, today\u2019s a fitting occasion to excerpt this interview from our Spring 2002 issue<\/a>, in which Merwin discusses his translation of Sir Thomas Wyatt\u2019s sonnet \u201cWhoso list to hunt,\u201d from the sixteenth century. His interlocutor is the poet Jason Shinder.
<\/em><\/p>\n

\n

Who so list to hount, I knowe where is an hynde,
\u00a0\u00a0 But as for me, helas, I may no more:
\u00a0\u00a0 The vayne travaill hath weried me so sore.
\u00a0\u00a0 I ame of theim that farthest commeth behinde;
Yet may I by no meanes my weried mynde
\u00a0\u00a0 Drawe from the Diere: but as she fleeth afore,
Faynting I folowe. I leve of therefore,
\u00a0\u00a0 Sins in a nett I seke to hold the wynde.
Who list her hount, I put him owte of dowbte,
\u00a0\u00a0 As well as I may spend his tyme in vain;
\u00a0\u00a0 And, graven with Diamonds, in letters plain
There is written her faier neck rounde abowte:
\u00a0\u00a0 Noli me tangere<\/em> for Cesars I ame;
\u00a0\u00a0 And wylde for to hold, though I seme tame.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

W. S. MERWIN<\/small>: I think this is probably the greatest sonnet Wyatt wrote, and I think it\u2019s one of the greatest sonnets in English. I\u2019ve known it for so many years, but it always startles me with the real strength of passion in it\u2014and irony and freshness of language and the mixture of sensual feeling and bitterness that runs through the best of Wyatt. Take that first line\u2014the whole courtly feeling about the opposite sex, which angers, quite rightly, the feminists\u2014the pursuit of women becomes a kind of predacious pursuit: if hunting is what you want to do, I know a deer who\u2019ll keep you busy. The speculation is that it\u2019s about Anne Boleyn, and it may well be; it’s certainly about a very elusive and uncatchable person. […]<\/p>\n

JASON SHINDER<\/small>: To the modern ear, the language is also unfamiliar and difficult to access. As someone who reads Wyatt in public, how do you approach the poems?<\/p>\n

MERWIN<\/small>: We don’t really know what Wyatt’s language sounded like, and I\u2019m not an expert on late Middle English and Tudor English. I don\u2019t try to imitate what I think would be exact Tudor English. I don’t try to put him into the modern American either. For example, the line \u201cYet may I by no meanes my weried mynde.\u201d I think the e <\/em>in meanes <\/em>was still slightly pronounced for Wyatt, so I keep it there. When I read these poems, they run through my mind like a piece of music.<\/p>\n

Wyatt\u2019s meter baffled Victorian editors\u2014they tinkered with it until they got it into nice iambic pentameter and made it scan right. But iambic pentameter had little to do with it. My theory is that Wyatt\u2019s meter was influenced by the lute\u2014Wyatt was a great composer of lute songs, and I think he composed verse the way a lutanist would. His work is something in between metrical and syllabic verse. <\/p>\n

SHINDER<\/small>: Many of his poems were actually translations of other poems. What poem is \u201cWhoso list to hunt\u201d a translation of?<\/p>\n

MERWIN<\/small>: It\u2019s a translation of a sonnet from Petrarch\u2014a lovely, dreamy, medieval, allegorical poem in which someone sees a white deer and decides to leave what he\u2019s doing, his whole daily life, to follow the white deer, which eludes him. It\u2019s a dream, and then it\u2019s gone. It is not, however, a dream that Wyatt is talking about; it\u2019s something very much wide awake.<\/p>\n

What\u2019s interesting is that the Petrarch sonnet does not have the noli me tangere <\/em>part in it. In Petrarch\u2019s poem, at the end, as the dream vanishes, it says \u201cit is my Caesar\u2019s will to set me free.\u201d The deer in Wyatt\u2019s poem has a thing around her neck that says \u201cNoli me tangere<\/em>\u201d\u2014touch me not, for Caesar\u2019s I am. \u201cI belong to Caesar,\u201d not \u201cCaesar set me free.\u201d<\/p>\n

SHINDER<\/small>: Was such translation common practice among poets of his time?<\/p>\n

MERWIN<\/small>: Many Elizabethan poems evolved from translations. \u201cDrinke to me, onely, with thine eyes,\u201d from Ben Jonson, is two Latin poems.<\/p>\n

SHINDER<\/small>: There seem to have been few, if any, distinction between original poems and translations. How do you think translation has progressed since then?<\/p>\n

MERWIN<\/small>: Translation has taken many forms, but we still go on talking about it as if all these forms were the same thing, when in fact they\u2019re not. Anything from a pony to what is called a free version or an adaptation\u2014they\u2019re all called translations. The word translating<\/em>, and the work of translating, is extremely vague and misleading. You don\u2019t know what to expect.<\/p>\n

SHINDER<\/small>: Given this open definition, is every poem then, in a sense, a translation?<\/p>\n

MERWIN<\/small>: That\u2019s what Auden said. You translate an experience into words in the first place, and then a lot of it gets lost in the translation.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Since it\u2019s both International Translation Day and W. S. Merwin\u2019s eighty-seventh birthday (many happy returns!), today\u2019s a fitting occasion to excerpt this interview from our Spring 2002 issue, in which Merwin discusses his translation of Sir Thomas Wyatt\u2019s sonnet \u201cWhoso list to hunt,\u201d from the sixteenth century. His interlocutor is the poet Jason Shinder. Who […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":38,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1188],"tags":[15298,15485,165,15483,530,349,15484],"class_list":["post-77509","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-from-the-archive","tag-middle-english","tag-petrach","tag-poetry","tag-sir-thomas-wyatt","tag-translation","tag-w-s-merwin","tag-whoso-list-to-hunt"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nW. S. 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