{"id":70931,"date":"2014-05-07T19:59:40","date_gmt":"2014-05-07T23:59:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/?p=70931"},"modified":"2014-05-08T11:24:49","modified_gmt":"2014-05-08T15:24:49","slug":"archibald-macleish-librarian-of-congress","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2014\/05\/07\/archibald-macleish-librarian-of-congress\/","title":{"rendered":"Archibald MacLeish, Librarian of Congress"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Archibald_MacLeish\"<\/a>

Archibald MacLeish in 1944. Photo via Wikimedia Commons<\/p><\/div>\n

Today brought welcome news that the New York Public Library has abandoned its plan to \u201crenovate\u201d (i.e., reduce and\/or ruin) its research flagship at Bryant Park, on Forty-Second Street<\/a>. The renovation would have meant removing the stacks beneath the main reading room, thus displacing an untold number of books and research materials; the plan met with derision among scholars and authors, and a piece in the Times <\/em>last year<\/a> by Michael Kimmelman made an elegant case against it.<\/p>\n

And wouldn\u2019t you know it\u2014today is also Archibald MacLeish\u2019s birthday. His 1974 Art of Poetry interview<\/a> is great reading, but given the news of the day, and given his role as the Librarian of Congress\u2014a position he held from 1939 to 1944\u2014it seems fitting to peruse his 1940 essay, \u201cThe Librarian and the Democratic Process<\/a>,\u201d which addresses \u2026 well, not many of the same issues at stake in the NYPL\u2019s renovation controversy. It was 1940; the world was on the brink of war, and digitization was not a going concern for librarians. But the piece does find MacLeish asking, in a sweeping, stentorian tone: What is a librarian supposed to do, anyway? <\/p>\n

\n

Mr. Andrew Carnegie is cited as holding the opinion that the purpose of a library is to \u201cimprove the masses. \u201cMr. Henry E. Legler supplies the view that the purpose of a library is to \u201cfurnish the ambitious artisan with an opportunity to rise.\u201d Mr. F. A. Hutchins is authority of the proposition that the purpose of a library is to give \u201cwholesome employment to all classes for those idle hours which wreck more lives than any other cause.\u201d It is at least doubtful to my mind whether librarians would accept these descriptions of their usefulness today \u2026 To provide harmless recreation in competition with the street and the saloon is not a profession: if it were, Hollywood would be a profession from producers and directors down to ticket takers and ushers in plum-covered regimentals. To give wholesome employment for those idle hours which wreck the young is not a profession \u2026 definitions such as these taken together with the contemporary state of mind would seem to establish the fact that no generally accepted or acceptable definition of the function of librarianship has yet been found.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Oh, for the forties, when Hollywood was prima-facie valueless and a good bit of rhetorical puffery\u2014the bloat of \u201cno generally accepted or acceptable definition of the function of\u201d would never fly today\u2014was par for the course. Still, as the NYPL dispute attests, MacLeish\u2019s central question remains a good one. What we expect from our libraries remains unclear.<\/p>\n

In the seventies, MacLeish wrote more about his library philosophy in \u201cThe Premise of Meaning,\u201d which he originally published in The American Scholar<\/em>, and which the Scholar<\/em>, in a rather unscholarly turn, doesn\u2019t even mention online, let alone reproduce. A library, he wrote,<\/p>\n

\n

is an extraordinary thing \u2026 It is not a sort of scholarly filling station where students of all ages can repair to get themselves supplied with a tankful of titles \u2026 On the contrary it is an achievement in and of itself\u2014one of the greatest of human achievements because it combines and justifies so many others \u2026 But what is more important in a library than anything else \u2026 is the fact that it exists. For the existence of a library, the fact of its existence, is, in itself and of itself, an assertion\u2014a proposition nailed like Luther\u2019s to the door of time. By standing where it does \u2026 at the center of our intellectual lives\u2014with its books in a certain order on its shelves and its cards in a certain structure in their cases, the true library asserts that there is indeed a \u201cmystery of things.\u201d Or, more precisely, it asserts that the reason why the \u201cthings\u201d compose a mystery is that they seem to mean, that they fall, when gathered together, into a kind of relationship, of wholeness, as though all these different and dissimilar reports, these bits and pieces of experience, manuscripts in bottles, messages from long before, from deep within, from miles beyond, belonged together and might, if understood together, spell out the meaning which the mystery implies.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Today brought welcome news that the New York Public Library has abandoned its plan to \u201crenovate\u201d (i.e., reduce and\/or ruin) its research flagship at Bryant Park, on Forty-Second Street. 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