{"id":61513,"date":"2013-10-21T10:58:56","date_gmt":"2013-10-21T14:58:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/?p=61513"},"modified":"2014-03-08T15:03:21","modified_gmt":"2014-03-08T20:03:21","slug":"recapping-dante-canto-iii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2013\/10\/21\/recapping-dante-canto-iii\/","title":{"rendered":"Recapping Dante: Canto 3, or Abandon Hope"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"attachment_61515\" style=\"width: 610px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/charon-benlliure.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-61515\" class=\"size-full wp-image-61515\" alt=\"Charon Carries Souls Across the River Styx, Alexander Dmitrievich Litovchenko, 1861, Russian Museum, St. Petersburg\" src=\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/charon-benlliure.jpg\" width=\"600\" height=\"348\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/charon-benlliure.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/charon-benlliure-300x174.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (min-width: 62.5em) 67vw, 100vw\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-61515\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Charon Carries Souls Across the River Styx<\/em>, Alexander Dmitrievich Litovchenko, 1861, Russian Museum, St. Petersburg.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>I am writing this from the lobby of the Ace Hotel in New York; as I ascend from the basement with Dante under my arm, I see the following text printed on the stairs: <small>EVERYTHING IS GOING TO BE ALRIGHT<\/small>. This inscription offers an appropriate contrast to the opening of the third canto, which gives us the famous line written above the gates of hell, a line so famous that many know it well without knowing exactly who wrote it: <small>ABANDON ALL HOPE, YOU WHO ENTER HERE<\/small>. And just like the inscription in hell, these words too are written in the hotel\u2019s neo-Victorian \u201cdark hue.\u201d But whether or not Dante knows it, he and I are essentially reading the same sentence\u2014as chilling as the inscription is, the words in canto 3 ultimately do not apply to the man who travels beside Virgil.<\/p>\n<p>Canto 3 is our first real contact with hell. As Dante approaches, he is accosted by the sounds of sinners waiting to cross the Acheron\u2014the river that acts as a sort of foyer to the inferno. Charon, the ferryman, refuses at first to take Dante across. Virgil insists, and offers Dante little comfort or advice as they cross over. <!--more--><\/p>\n<p>This canto is loud. As Dante passes beneath the archway, he can hardly see anything, and can hear only the noises coming from the swarm of sinners, babbling in different languages, the sound of their hands slapping against their bodies\u2014the vast, cacophonic gang eager and hungry to cross, being stung by insects and bleeding. There\u2019s even something relentless and winding about the way Dante describes the noise: \u201cunfamiliar tongues, horrendous accents, words of suffering, cries of rage \u2026\u201d It\u2019s a violent passage intended to overwhelm, and indeed, imagine entering the darkness and hearing only the deathly sounds of people who are about to enter hell.<\/p>\n<p>At this point, Dante starts crying.<\/p>\n<p>Dante can only see the sinners in what he calls the \u201cdim light.\u201d What is this dimness? Is it that Dante\u2019s eyes have begun to accustom themselves to the darkness, or that, as he moves closer to the river, just the faintest light from hell leaks over across the black water?<\/p>\n<p>Charon tells Dante to move aside, and can see that Dante is in fact alive. At this point Virgil plays the divine mission card (sort of like a theological AmEx Black) and flexes his heavenly influence. Charon, who has been ferrying sinners to hell since the beginning of time, probably isn\u2019t in the mood to argue, and relents.<\/p>\n<p>As Charon calls the proverbial \u201call aboard\u201d and is about to set off on his skiff, the sinners, as Dante says, leap into the ship \u201cjust as in autumn as the leaves fall away.\u201d Needless to say, it sounds like the autumnal foliage is far more harrowing in Italy than it is over here.<\/p>\n<p>Virgil and Dante begin to rove mysteriously over the water toward the inferno. And overwhelmed by the passage to hell, Dante loses hold of his senses, and faints. Classic Dante.<\/p>\n<p><em>This fall, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2013\/09\/30\/fall-sweeps\/\" target=\"_blank\">we\u2019re recapping<\/a> the <\/em>Inferno<em>. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/product\/0385496982\/ref=as_li_tf_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=9325&amp;creativeASIN=0385496982&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=theparrev0f-20\" target=\"_blank\">Read along<\/a>!<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>To catch up on our Dante series, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/dante\" target=\"_blank\">click here<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Alexander Aciman is the author of <\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.us.penguingroup.com\/static\/pages\/features\/twitterature.html\" target=\"_blank\">Twitterature<\/a><em>. He has written for the <\/em>New York Times<em>, <\/em>Tablet<em>, the <\/em>Wall Street Journal<em>, and <\/em>TIME<em>. Follow him on Twitter at <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/acimania\" target=\"_blank\">@acimania<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I am writing this from the lobby of the Ace Hotel in New York; as I ascend from the basement with Dante under my arm, I see the following text printed on the stairs: EVERYTHING IS GOING TO BE ALRIGHT. This inscription offers an appropriate contrast to the opening of the third canto, which gives [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":419,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[419],"tags":[11951,2930,12028,7043,11680],"class_list":["post-61513","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-arts-culture","tag-alexander-aciman","tag-dante","tag-the-divine-comedy","tag-the-inferno","tag-virgil"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.4 (Yoast SEO v25.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Recapping Dante: Canto 3, or Abandon Hope by Alexander Aciman<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"October 21, 2013 \u2013 I am writing this from the lobby of the Ace Hotel in New York; as I ascend from the basement with Dante under my arm, I see the following text printed on\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2013\/10\/21\/recapping-dante-canto-iii\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Recapping Dante: Canto 3, or Abandon Hope by Alexander Aciman\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"October 21, 2013 \u2013 I am writing this from the lobby of the Ace Hotel in New York; as I ascend from the basement with Dante under my arm, I see the following text printed on\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2013\/10\/21\/recapping-dante-canto-iii\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"The Paris Review\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/parisreview\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2013-10-21T14:58:56+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2014-03-08T20:03:21+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/charon-benlliure.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"348\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Alexander Aciman\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@parisreview\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@parisreview\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Alexander Aciman\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2013\/10\/21\/recapping-dante-canto-iii\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2013\/10\/21\/recapping-dante-canto-iii\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Alexander Aciman\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/ed568ba52b1fc3e70ec2043f18e06041\"},\"headline\":\"Recapping Dante: Canto 3, or Abandon Hope\",\"datePublished\":\"2013-10-21T14:58:56+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2014-03-08T20:03:21+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2013\/10\/21\/recapping-dante-canto-iii\/\"},\"wordCount\":584,\"commentCount\":8,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2013\/10\/21\/recapping-dante-canto-iii\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/charon-benlliure.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"alexander aciman\",\"Dante\",\"The Divine Comedy\",\"The Inferno\",\"Virgil\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Arts &amp; 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