{"id":47876,"date":"2013-03-06T15:30:56","date_gmt":"2013-03-06T20:30:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/?p=47876"},"modified":"2019-01-04T06:08:33","modified_gmt":"2019-01-04T11:08:33","slug":"shakedown-cossery-in-egypt","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2013\/03\/06\/shakedown-cossery-in-egypt\/","title":{"rendered":"Shakedown: Cossery in Egypt"},"content":{"rendered":"

Egypt\u2019s political efflorescence has inspired a surge in Western readership for its novelists, and few have benefitted more than Albert Cossery. An expatriate who lived in the same Saint-Germain-des-Pr\u00e9s hotel room for the last sixty years of his life, Cossery\u2019s eight novels celebrate a highly attuned lethargy, the slow-burning ire of pranksters and misfits. But with countless Egyptian activists jailed, tortured, and killed since 2011 by the entrenched organs of the state they sought to overthrow, one might dismiss the renewed interest in his works as well-meaning, if solipsistic. It doesn\u2019t help that the man, who died in 2008, seemed to have written off the revolutionary enterprise altogether: \u201cThere\u2019s nothing worse than a reformer. They\u2019re all careerists.\u201d But this was before last week, when the Harlem shake fully arrived in Cairo, and four guys arrested in their underwear prompted the youthful vanguard\u2019s latest tack: the formation of a \u201cSatiric Revolutionary Struggle<\/a>,\u201d which, as its first action, shut down the headquarters of the Muslim Brotherhood with a four-hundred-strong throng of syncopated dancing.<\/p>\n

The reaction<\/a> to the Harlem-shaking of the Brotherhood\u2019s headquarters was more than a convenient vindication of Cosserian thought\u2014it reminded us of a truth he gently but persistently nudged along his whole life: in a world of unsmiling authority and unswerving ambition, the prank is the apotheosis of political action, the only point of escape. And nowhere else did he lay this out more comprehensively than in 1964\u2019s The Jokers<\/em><\/a>, his fifth novel. Though impossible to mistake for a political pamphlet, the book is a brilliant defense of the democratic cause, fully capturing the distance between revolution as a struggle for a liberal social justice and a simple audition for political power. And so, as time has turned Tahrir\u2019s pyrotechnics into a quagmire of entrenched interests, Cossery\u2019s point about the futility of revolution\u2019s claims against avarice has grown steadily more astute, even prophetic.<\/p>\n

The Jokers<\/i> begins with a parting of two friends and failed revolutionaries, Karim and Taher, freshly released from prison. While Karim renounces his revolutionary past in favor of the freewheeling society of pranksters (the titular \u201cjokers\u201d), Taher perseveres in his violent cause with the clean-cut and self-serious mien of \u201ca low-level office worker.\u201d Karim joins the other jokers in humorous takedowns of state authority, but Taher becomes their suspicious antagonist, an ineffectual bore who might as well have been torn straight from the pages of Naguib Mahfouz, himself a mannered civil-servant-turned-author and globally recognized as dean of Egyptian letters.<\/p>\n

Later, Heykal, a major character and joker-in-arms of Karim\u2019s, explains that \u201cany man has the right to express his rebellion in his own way.\u201d Taher retorts: \u201c[E]xcuse me if I tell you that you\u2019re just having fun while people are suffering from oppression. Fun is no way to fight.\u201d Fun, however, was exactly what the four pharmaceutical students who initiated the recent Harlem shake chain-reaction were after. They weren\u2019t political activists, and were arrested on indecency charges. This, in turn, prompted four hundred youth to gather in front of the headquarters of the Muslim Brotherhood, quaking to that beat until they literally brought the house down<\/a>\u2014the Brothers turned off the lights and vacated their offices.<\/p>\n

The final turn of this saga is by far its greatest, and is straight out of the Cosserian playbook. Seemingly inspired by the protestors, several junior members of the Brotherhood donned masks depicting opposition figures and enacted their own shake, only to find themselves ordered to remove<\/a> the video minutes after they had uploaded it. Widespread ridicule followed, both of the pathetic has-been quality of their belated shake and the stern idiocy of their superiors within the party who sought to have it removed from the web.<\/p>\n

Similarly, the climax of The Jokers<\/i> occurs when the pranksters finally succeed in humiliating their target, the governor, into rumored resignation. They had covered the city in sarcastic and servile posters, even building a statue in his honor. Starting with a chuckle and ending in cacophonous laughter, this large-scale farce proceeded swiftly and devastatingly, striking at the \u201cworst kind of egotism\u201d\u2014the self-regard of the powerful. While the pranksters considered their next target, Taher made a bomb and killed the outgoing governor. The jokers are \u201cappalled by the gratuitous violence.\u201d<\/p>\n

Slightly before this ending, Heykal grumbled: \u201cI prefer a laughable tyrant to a dead one. The pleasure lasts longer.\u201d It\u2019s meant to be the comic whine of a child on the brink of losing his plaything, but it strikes at something deeper. The half-serious, languid demeanor of Cossery\u2019s protagonists is very different from dead-end inaction. It\u2019s a thoroughly gimlet-eyed posture, one that \u201crefuse[s] to be seduced by the strange buffoonery of the world.\u201d<\/p>\n

Though he left Cairo at twenty-one, Albert Cossery never forgot its condition, even as he sat daily at Brasserie Lipp, a dandy to the outside world. Henry Miller, who helped get Cossery\u2019s first book published in the United States, confirms this preoccupation, writing in a 1945 essay<\/a>, \u201cDespite the seemingly unrelieved gloom and futility in which his figures move, [Cossery] nevertheless expresses in every work his indomitable faith in the power of the people to throw off the yoke.\u201d<\/p>\n

It\u2019s a message that also finds affirmation in the work of Sonallah Ibrahim, the political prisoner turned Cairene slacker-novelist whose debut work, That Smell<\/i>, was published<\/a> in translation by New Directions two weeks ago (and happens to have been translated by Robyn Creswell, this magazine\u2019s poetry editor). This darkly biting take on politics is finally seeing the light of day as a global literature, though its origins are in the tragic failures of Egypt\u2019s mid-century political transition. Today\u2019s rise of a suppressive Brotherhood in the face of Tahrir\u2019s youthful spark has bred a new, mordant pranksterism, reminiscent of Albert Cossery yet unencumbered by the weight of history. With the \u201cSatiric Revolutionary Struggle,\u201d this strategy may have finally found its rightful place in Egypt\u2019s opposition politics.<\/p>\n

Mostafa Heddaya<\/a>\u00a0is a writer in New York and the coeditor of\u00a0<\/em>American Circus<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Egypt\u2019s political efflorescence has inspired a surge in Western readership for its novelists, and few have benefitted more than Albert Cossery. An expatriate who lived in the same Saint-Germain-des-Pr\u00e9s hotel room for the last sixty years of his life, Cossery\u2019s eight novels celebrate a highly attuned lethargy, the slow-burning ire of pranksters and misfits. But […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":491,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[419],"tags":[5123,1773,2655,10266,10267,10265],"class_list":["post-47876","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-arts-culture","tag-albert-cossery","tag-egypt","tag-henry-miller","tag-muslim-brotherhood","tag-sonallah-ibrahim","tag-the-harlem-shake"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nShakedown: Cossery in Egypt by Mostafa Heddaya<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"March 6, 2013 \u2013 Egypt\u2019s political efflorescence has inspired a surge in Western readership for its novelists, and few have benefitted more than Albert Cossery. 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