![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/outweek.jpeg\")
<\/a>The first and last covers of OutWeek<\/small> magazine, published weekly from June 26, 1989, until July 3, 1991. Images from the OutWeek Internet Archive and courtesy of Gabriel Rotello. Photo credit to Jim Fouratt and Michael Wakefield, respectively.<\/p><\/div>\n
In the eighties and nineties, queer people were excluded from authentic representation in corporate television and film, both news and entertainment, and most lesbians as well as queer people of color could not get serious stage time for plays from their points of view. As a result, print was the most important venue for community communication. Queer and feminist bookstores were all over the country. In 1992, I was able to do a book tour that stopped in each gay bookstore in the U.S. South. Every big city had a least one gay and\/or feminist newspaper, and some, like San Francisco, had more than three. Most heterosexuals, whether civilians, scientists, civic\/political leaders, or cultural gatekeepers, did not read the queer or women\u2019s press because, frankly, they didn\u2019t know it existed. The walls between countercultural queer life and the official mainstream were thick and invisible. The queer press was made for queer people, and it both reflected and created the countercultural bonds that built community.<\/p>\n
*<\/p>\n
ANDREW MILLER<\/strong><\/p>\nAndrew Miller grew up a \u201csquirrelly, hypersmart, bookish, musical, isolated kid,\u201d who was also gay, and he was afraid early on because he lived through a time when lots of his friends died. But the cataclysm crept in through a kind of slow unraveling of the fabric of our community, \u201cthrough lack of information, and fear, and not having answers, and being sick, and not knowing what to do, or having somebody else be sick, and not knowing how to fix it, and not knowing if you were gonna get it, and not having anybody that you could ask about it, or not wanting anybody to know \u2026 not being able to tell anybody else.\u201d Andrew remembered rushing out to get his passport, because there was a six- or nine-month period when President George H.\u2009W. Bush and Congress were considering making an HIV test a requirement for getting one.<\/p>\n
Andrew joined the ACT UP<\/small> Actions Committee and the Coordinating Committee while working as a stringer for out-of-town gay weeklies. He was writing for the Bay Area Reporter <\/em>(San Francisco) and Windy City Times <\/em>(Chicago) and, most of all, Gay Community News<\/em> (Boston). At this time, around 1988, the situation in New York with the gay press was dismal. <\/p>\n\u201cThe only game in town was the New York Native<\/em>, which had broken the story about AIDS<\/small> and had some wonderful writing in it, originally, including by Larry Kramer, also some really solid reporting. But by this time \u2026 they refused to believe that HIV was the cause of AIDS<\/small> and their reporting was getting very bizarre. They had become very hostile to ACT UP<\/small> \u2026 My frustration was that often there were better stories about New York\u2014often by me, but also by other people\u2014in the papers in Chicago and Boston than there were in New York. And I hated this \u2026 there wasn\u2019t a way to circulate meaningful information.\u201d<\/p>\nAndrew met Michelangelo Signorile at ACT UP<\/small>. Mike had been talking to Gabriel Rotello, who had access to someone who could provide funding. That person turned out to be a PWA businessman named Kendall Morrison, a phone sex entrepreneur who made his money from a service called 550-TOOL<\/small>. Kendall was in ACT UP<\/small>, and he signed on to fund the publication. A paper was also a way for him to have a vehicle in which to advertise his phone sex lines. \u201cSo he was a smart businessman.\u201d<\/p>\n
*<\/p>\n
MICHELANGELO SIGNORILE<\/strong><\/p>\nOutWeek <\/em>came about when a bunch of people who had been working on the Media Committee, along with others in ACT UP<\/small>, were talking about how they needed a publication, something that would be the voice of the new bold, oppositional, and coalitional politics coming out of ACT UP<\/small>. Sex was very much a part of the ACT UP<\/small> culture, so having phone sex ads, as a result of Kendall\u2019s patronage, \u201cjust seemed appropriate and fine.\u201d There was never really a clear delineation between OutWeek <\/em>and ACT UP<\/small>\u2014not only in the coverage but also on the business side. It was widely distributed on corner newsstands in the city, and \u201cother people were reading it who hated ACT UP<\/small>, and hated OutWeek<\/em>, but they would read it.\u201d So it was broadening the debate to more people who needed to be engaged.<\/p>\n*<\/p>\n
ANDREW MILLER<\/strong><\/p>\nGabriel was the editor. Mike was the features editor. Andrew was the news editor. Maria Perez became art director, and Sarah Pettit was arts editor. OutWeek<\/em>\u2019s cultural framework intersected with ACT UP<\/small>\u2019s. It covered shows by ACT UP<\/small> artists, reviewed books by ACT UP<\/small> authors. Maria Perez\u2019s visual style was very downtown and contemporary, a combination of camp and sophistication. Handmade and sleek, it was interactive with ACT UP<\/small>\u2019s countercultural aesthetic. When there were rifts in ACT UP<\/small>, OutWeek <\/em>covered them, and when ACT UP<\/small> attacked politicians, OutWeek <\/em>always asked them for a response. Its main political difference with ACT UP<\/small> was that OutWeek <\/em>endorsed candidates for public office, which ACT UP<\/small> would never do. Even with a small regular circulation of ten thousand, the weight of being on New York\u2019s political and cultural cutting edge gave it a long reach. \u201cGay people weren\u2019t out in publishing, to the extent that they are today. OutWeek <\/em>made it possible for there to be a National Lesbian and Gay Journalism Association.\u201d Gay Community News <\/em>in Boston was the only other queer newspaper so closely aligned with activist movements. The national gay press, especially The Advocate<\/em>, started out bold, but as the community expanded, it remained white male oriented and thereby became more driven toward assimilation. The Advocate <\/em>also gave up its sex ads in order to attract the first mainstream brand, Absolut Vodka, that dared to advertise in a gay publication. One Advocate <\/em>editor told me that when they put anyone but a white male on the cover, they lost sales. OutWeek<\/em>, on the other hand, regularly had women, people of color, drag performers, or genderqueer people on the cover. The publication closed in 1991, a year before ACT UP<\/small>\u2019s split, and no queer publication has been both that cool and that influential since.<\/p>\n*<\/p>\n
GABRIEL ROTELLO<\/strong><\/p>\nGabriel Rotello was raised in \u201cWASP Connecticut.\u201d His mother was a teacher, and his father invested in real estate. He moved to New York in 1974 and became a keyboard player. His partner, Hap Hatton, got sick in 1986 and died two years later. Gabriel went to a support group at GMHC and then saw ACT UP<\/small>\u2019s concentration camp float at Gay Pride. What stood out for him in ACT UP<\/small> was the structure. There was no hierarchy. There were no paid officials. There were no offices.<\/p>\n
He joined the Fundraising Committee, and then, one day, \u201cthis light bulb went on in my head, and I thought, Oh my God. What if somebody started a new publication that reflected what\u2019s going on in ACT UP<\/small>?\u201d Gabriel went to Barnes & Noble and bought two bags full of books on how to start a magazine, read them all, and took notes. He made a list of, in his opinion, the smartest lesbians and gay men in New York who had been involved in politics in ways that he had not been involved. He called them all up and said, Hi, my name\u2019s Gabriel Rotello. I\u2019m going to start a new gay magazine in New York, and I would love to just meet with you, and you could just tell me everything that I need to know. And every single one of them said yes. The way he understood it was that he created his own, independent affinity group, and OutWeek<\/em> clearly could not have been an affinity group of ACT UP<\/small>, because it was a commercial enterprise that cost about a million dollars overall. Yet it was far from traditional. Gabriel knew that they were not going to get corporate ads. \u201cWe were calling the cardinal a fucking pig<\/em>.\u201d Sometimes, when something particularly outrageous was on the cover, they could ramp up the print run to thirty or forty thousand and sell out. Even if it was just a typical week and it was the middle of summer, OutWeek<\/em> could print fifteen thousand copies and sell out, running on a combination of circulation and queer-friendly and countercultural ad revenue. The pharmaceutical companies didn\u2019t even try to advertise.<\/p>\nOutWeek<\/em>\u2019s biggest controversy had nothing to do with ACT UP<\/small> directly, but everything to do with AIDS<\/small>: outing. Initiated by Michelangelo, the goal of outing was to confront powerful people in positions to influence AIDS<\/small> policy who hid their homosexuality\u2014usually to maintain their currency\u2014and in this way deprived the AIDS<\/small> community of arenas of support and visibility that were necessary to shift the paradigm. \u201cAt the end of the day, I think you can put on the fingers of one hand the names of the famous people that we actually outed. We talked about it as breaking a barrier in journalism.\u201d<\/p>\n*<\/p>\n
THE WOODY MYERS CONTROVERSY<\/strong><\/p>\nThe overwhelming majority of the lesbian and gay vote had turned against Mayor Koch because of his languid response to AIDS<\/small>, and instead supported Mayor-Elect David Dinkins. As one of his first orders of business, Dinkins announced that he was appointing a man named Woodrow Myers to be his new health commissioner, who would be in charge of AIDS<\/small> policy. Myers, who was Black, had previously been health commissioner of Indiana. Dinkins was the first African American mayor, and African Americans had a huge number of health issues in New York City. Gabriel began calling people in the Indiana state government to find out what Myers was like, and he discovered, to his horror, that Myers had advocated for mandatory contact tracing, mandatory name reporting, and the quarantining of people with AIDS<\/small> in Indiana. And everybody Gabriel called said the same thing. \u201cIt was common knowledge <\/em>in Indiana.\u201d<\/p>\nOutWeek <\/em>came out every Monday, the same day as the ACT UP<\/small> meetings. Gabriel wrote a story, five days before publication, during which time the mayor might actually appoint Myers. And Gabriel felt that the scoop couldn\u2019t wait. So he called the New York Times <\/em>and said, I have a story that I think that you\u2019re going to want to put on the front page of the New York Times<\/em>, but it\u2019s going to be on the cover of OutWeek<\/em> next Monday. But we sort of feel like we can\u2019t really wait, so I will give you the story, provided that you credit it to OutWeek<\/em> magazine in your lede. And they said, Well, let\u2019s see what it is.<\/p>\nSo he faxed it over, and about five minutes later, they called and said, It\u2019s going to be on the front page of the\u00a0New York Times<\/em> tomorrow, and it\u2019s going to say \u201cOutWeek<\/em> magazine\u201d right in the lede. And that started what has often been called the most bitter dispute of the Dinkins administration. In typical OutWeek <\/em>fashion, they ramped it up: there had been a selection committee for Woody Myers, and there was a very prominent gay person on that committee named Tim Sweeney, who was the associate director of GMHC. Gabriel called him up before the Times <\/em>ran the piece and asked, Did you know about this? You were supposed to be vetting this guy or anybody for Dinkins. And Tim said, Yeah, I did know about it, but I didn\u2019t really think it was that big a deal. You have to understand, Indiana\u2019s a very conservative state. I actually felt that he was sort of taming even worse things that might have happened in Indiana. He was trying to keep it from being even worse than it was going to be. And he seems like a really nice guy, and I met him and he was really great. <\/em>Gabriel called everybody back up in Indiana and said, What\u2019s up with this? They were like, Are you kidding? He was the<\/em> guy. Nobody even talked about contact tracing or mandatory name reporting until he came along. It was his idea. What are you talking about?<\/p>\nIn OutWeek<\/em>\u2019s role of trying to keep gay leaders accountable to the grassroots, Gabriel wrote a strongly worded editorial, in which he excoriated Mayor Dinkins. He said, He\u2019s broken the vow. We regret having endorsed him for mayor. He\u2019s proven himself to be an enemy of our community. <\/em>And then he called for Tim Sweeney to resign or, if he refused to resign, for the board of GMHC to fire him. That\u2019s the kind of thing that OutWeek <\/em>did on a fairly regular basis.<\/p>\n\u201cIn ACT UP<\/small> there was accountability. You got up to say something on the floor, and if you were an asshole, people screamed at you and told you. It was like Parliament in London, Get off! Sit down!, you know, whatever. But with our [greater queer] community, there was this self-perpetuating group of people, boards of directors that were dominated by very wealthy people. That\u2019s mostly how you got on a board; you were really rich and you had lots of money, then you would sit on the board and decide the policy and elevate various people, and there was just no accountability.\u201d<\/p>\n
The next week the letter section exploded in OutWeek<\/em>, with a number of leaders of gay and lesbian organizations calling for Gabriel\u2019s resignation. But Gabriel experienced a lot of people supporting him, indicating a more radical turn in the general stance of the community toward its own organizational boards. \u201cAnd it just turned into this cacophonous thing.\u201d Sweeney did not resign, but Woody Myers did. And he was replaced by Margaret Hamburg, who had previously worked closely with ACT UP<\/small> in Washington at the NIH. The threats of mandatory testing were averted, setting an entirely different tone for the future of AIDS<\/small> in New York City.<\/p>\n\u201cWhat we were trying to do\u2014in OutWeek<\/em>\u2014was to take the vision, or at least my vision, of what the floor of ACT UP<\/small> was, that energy, that anger, that whole worldview, and just send it out to the world. To people that could never make a Monday-night meeting because they lived in Des Moines, Iowa, or Tallahassee, Florida, to a high school kid that could never even get to New York. Just to send that out there to inspire people to believe that we could get through this nightmare, you know, with strength and positivity and power and humor and effectiveness.\u201d<\/p>\n <\/p>\n
Sarah Schulman\u00a0is the author of more than twenty works of fiction (including\u00a0<\/em>The Cosmopolitans, <\/em>Rat Bohemia, and\u00a0<\/em>Maggie Terry), nonfiction (including\u00a0<\/em>Stagestruck,\u00a0<\/em>Conflict is Not Abuse, and\u00a0<\/em>The Gentrification of the Mind), and theater (<\/em>Carson McCullers,\u00a0<\/em>Manic Flight Reaction, and more), and the producer and screenwriter of several feature films (<\/em>The Owls,\u00a0<\/em>Mommy Is Coming, and\u00a0<\/em>United in Anger, among others). Her writing has appeared in\u00a0<\/em>The New Yorker, the<\/em>\u00a0New York Times,\u00a0<\/em>Slate, and many other outlets. She is a Distinguished Professor of Humanities at College of Staten Island, a Fellow at the New York Institute of Humanities, the recipient of multiple fellowships from the MacDowell Colony, Yaddo, and the New York Foundation for the Arts, and was presented in 2018 with Publishing Triangle\u2019s Bill Whitehead Award. She is also the cofounder of the MIX New York LGBT Experimental Film and Video Festival, and the codirector of the groundbreaking ACT UP<\/small> Oral History Project. A lifelong New Yorker, she is a longtime activist for queer rights and female empowerment, and serves on the advisory board of Jewish Voice for Peace.<\/em><\/p>\nExcerpted from <\/em>Let the Record Show: A Political History of ACT UP<\/small> New York, 1987\u20131993<\/a>,<\/em> by Sarah Schulman. Published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux on May 18, 2021. Copyright \u00a9 2021 by Sarah Schulman. All rights reserved.<\/em><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"In an excerpt from her new book, \u2018Let the Record Show,\u2019 Sarah Schulman details the impact of \u2018OutWeek,\u2019 the first major national lesbian and gay publication.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2144,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[419],"tags":[67827],"class_list":["post-152646","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-arts-culture","tag-featured"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n
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