{"id":122847,"date":"2018-03-22T12:55:11","date_gmt":"2018-03-22T16:55:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/?p=122847"},"modified":"2018-03-22T13:12:09","modified_gmt":"2018-03-22T17:12:09","slug":"when-frank-lloyd-wright-designed-a-bookstore","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/2018\/03\/22\/when-frank-lloyd-wright-designed-a-bookstore\/","title":{"rendered":"When Frank Lloyd Wright Designed a Bookstore"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"attachment_122853\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/frank-lloyd-wright.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-122853\" class=\"size-large wp-image-122853\" src=\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/frank-lloyd-wright-1024x678.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"678\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/frank-lloyd-wright-1024x678.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/frank-lloyd-wright-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/frank-lloyd-wright-768x508.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/frank-lloyd-wright.jpg 1564w\" sizes=\"auto, (min-width: 62.5em) 67vw, 100vw\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-122853\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Frank Lloyd Wright. Photo: Yousuf Karsh.<\/p><\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/flw2.png\"><br \/>\n<\/a>In October 1907\u2014a few months after Upton Sinclair\u2019s <em>The Jungle<\/em> horrified Chicago\u2014a new bookstore opened on the seventh floor of the Fine Arts Building downtown. In her autobiography, Margaret Anderson, the founder and editor of <em>The Little Review,<\/em> called it \u201cthe most beautiful bookshop in the world.\u201d But Browne\u2019s Bookstore survived for only five years. In 1908, a visiting <em>Publishers Weekly<\/em> reporter may have hit upon why: \u201cThus far, only one dealer in all classes of books has had the courage to locate his store up \u2018in the air.\u2019\u2009\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe air\u201d was the seventh floor. The lone dealer was Francis Fisher Browne, the editor of Chicago\u2019s literary magazine du jour, <em>The Dial<\/em>, whose offices were located on the same floor. At the time, the Fine Arts Building was the center of Chicago arts and culture. Constructed by the Studebaker Company in 1885 to showcase their horse-drawn carriages, the colorful Romanesque building was remodeled a few years later to gather \u201cthe artistic, social, and literary concerns of the city into a single building.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>By 1901, it was home to artist studios, theater companies, literary clubs, and more than ten thousand music students. A decade later, it gave birth to Harriet Monroe\u2019s <em>Poetry<\/em> magazine, Margaret Anderson\u2019s <em>The\u00a0<\/em><em>Little Review<\/em>, and the Chicago Little Theatre. With thousands of booklovers moving up and down the stairwells every day, a seventh-floor bookstore didn\u2019t seem like such a terrible idea. \u201cAll Chicago society came to Browne\u2019s Bookstore,\u201d Anderson writes. \u201cHere tea was served and everyone was very smart.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Of course, the store\u2019s altitude wasn\u2019t the only reason it gained national attention: every inch of the interior was designed by Frank Lloyd Wright\u2014the shelves, the windows, even the knickknacks.\u00a0<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>In 2008, when I moved to Chicago for an M.F.A., my fiction workshops were held in the building next door. Older students were quick to tell me two things about the Fine Arts Building: that a scene in <em>The Time Traveler\u2019s Wife<\/em> took place in the Artists Caf\u00e9 on the ground floor and that Frank Lloyd Wright once worked from an office on the tenth. Both claims checked out, though Wright only worked out of Suite 1080 for a few months in 1908 and 1911.<\/p>\n<p>No one said <em>anything<\/em> about a bookstore. For the most part, I forgot about the building until this past December, when The Dial Bookshop opened on the second floor. In <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chicagoreader.com\/Bleader\/archives\/2017\/12\/04\/dial-bookshop-opens-for-business-in-the-fine-arts-building\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">her article<\/a> on the long-dead <em>Dial<\/em>\u2019s new namesake, Aimee Levitt casually mentions Browne\u2019s Bookstore and <a href=\"http:\/\/flwright.org\/researchexplore\/wrightbuildings\/brownebookstore\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">links<\/a> to a relatively sparse record at the Frank Lloyd Wright Trust. Even though most of Wright\u2019s works have been obsessively catalogued by scholars, information on Browne\u2019s Bookstore was difficult to find. From a website that sells windows and lamp patterns modeled on Wright\u2019s I gleaned that for the bookstore, Wright <a href=\"http:\/\/www.prairiedesigns.com\/browse.pl?category=Browne%27s%20Bookstore\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">had replicated the windows<\/a> he used for the children\u2019s playroom in his home. A clearer picture started to emerge only after I searched through scans of century-old newspapers, flipped through out-of-print memoirs, and made a trek to the Fine Arts Building myself.<\/p>\n<p>Here\u2019s what I know. Wright met Browne through the Caxton Club, a group of wealthy Chicagoans dedicated to publishing books in the Arts and Crafts style. Like everything else back then, the club was headquartered in the Fine Arts Building, a few floors above Browne\u2019s offices for <em>The Dial<\/em>. Having designed book covers for the club\u2019s special editions since 1898, Wright was invited to design Browne\u2019s Bookstore.<\/p>\n<p>When he took on the project in 1906, Wright was thirty-nine years old and already well-known among Chicago\u2019s elite, but he was not a celebrity by any means. He was also in the middle of a secret affair that would end his marriage. \u201cThose years between 1904 and 1909 were to be pivotal in Wright\u2019s life,\u201d Meryle Secrest writes in <em>Frank Lloyd Wright: A Biography<\/em>. Before that period, Wright was a Midwestern family man who built lavish suburban homes. Afterward, he abandoned his family (including six children) in Oak Park and fled to Europe with his mistress (who was also his neighbor\u2019s wife). When he returned to the States a few months later, he became an international figure who tackled grand public projects from Manhattan to Tokyo.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/flw2-1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-122852\" src=\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/flw2-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"631\" height=\"662\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/flw2-1.png 631w, https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/flw2-1-286x300.png 286w\" sizes=\"auto, (min-width: 62.5em) 67vw, 100vw\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>But back to the bookstore, which opened right in the middle of Wright\u2019s slow-motion midlife crisis. The L-shaped retail space occupied the southeastern corner of the seventh floor, \u201clooking into the lake at one end and, at the other, into the shaded Italian inner court from which tinkled always the sound of pianos \u2026 and a fountain,\u201d according to Anderson. Browne and Wright \u201csought to combine the best features of a well-equipped bookstore with those of a choice home library,\u201d\u00a0<em>Publishers Weekly <\/em>writes, and to that end, there were no freestanding shelves.<\/p>\n<p>The main room was split into six alcoves: five with reading tables and Wright\u2019s trademark high-backed chairs and one by the window with couches (the far left-hand side of the floor plan below). The smaller, snaking room on the far right\u2014\u201clong, dark, reposing, with an enormous fireplace and great armchairs\u201d\u2014was an event space that also housed Browne\u2019s rare bindings. <em>The Dial<\/em>\u2019s offices were adjacent to this side of the store.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/flw4.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-122851\" src=\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/flw4-1024x398.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"398\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/flw4-1024x398.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/flw4-300x117.png 300w, https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/flw4-768x298.png 768w, https:\/\/www.theparisreview.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/flw4.png 1027w\" sizes=\"auto, (min-width: 62.5em) 67vw, 100vw\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u201cEvery fixture and every piece of furniture in both rooms has been specially designed and manufactured to order,\u201d\u00a0<em>Publishers Weekly <\/em>writes\u00a0in 1908. \u201cThe cases, tables, chairs, and wall trimmings are of quartered oak throughout.\u201d Photos show that among the shelves, there was a replica of the Louvre\u2019s Winged Victory statue, a copper urn, and tall narrow \u201cweed holders\u201d that Wright often used to showcase prairie grasses. \u201cNot satisfied with the bric-a-brac of the day, Father designed his own,\u201d says Wright\u2019s second-born son, John Lloyd Wright, who invented <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lincoln_Logs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lincoln Logs<\/a> in 1916. \u201cFather liked weeds!\u201d<\/p>\n<p>When Margaret Anderson moved to Chicago in the summer of 1908, Browne hired her as the shop\u2019s book clerk. A few months later, Browne asked her to help out next door at <em>The Dial<\/em>, where she was \u201cinitiated into the secrets of the printing room\u2014composition (monotype and linotype), proofreading, make-up.\u201d She became Browne\u2019s \u201cchief assistant\u201d but quit both jobs in the summer of 1909 when Browne \u201cone day had been moved to kiss me. He was full of sincere and touching apologies the next day, but I was as sincerely displeased as he was contrite.\u201d It\u2019s worth mentioning that Browne was sixty-five and Anderson twenty-two, he was married with adult children, and she was a lesbian. A few years later, in 1914, Anderson returned to the Fine Arts Building and founded <em>The Little Review<\/em>. At that point, <em>The Dial<\/em> was still there\u2014but Browne was dead, and Browne\u2019s Bookstore was two years gone.<\/p>\n<p>The Fine Arts Building still stands at 410 S. Michigan Avenue. Some of the interiors look much the same as they did a century ago: the marble lobby, the restored Studebaker Theatre, the Art Nouveau murals, the hidden Venetian Court. But if you walk up to the seventh floor\u2014or take Chicago\u2019s last remaining <a href=\"http:\/\/www.chicagomag.com\/city-life\/January-2018\/The-Last-Manual-Elevator\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">human-operated elevator<\/a>\u2014no trace of Frank Lloyd Wright remains. Browne relocated the bookstore to the ground floor in 1910, then closed it two years later. Around the same time, the Fine Arts Building completely remodeled the original space. Now it houses an interior architecture and design firm between plain plastered walls. But even today, when you walk the hallways and climb the stairs\u2014still tinkling and humming with the music of hidden pianos and violins, still straining Midwestern light through its skylights \u2014it\u2019s easy to see what drew the architects of Chicago\u2019s first literary renaissance to this city within a city by the lake.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>Adam Morgan is the editor in chief of the <\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/chireviewofbooks.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=http:\/\/chireviewofbooks.com&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1521213852000000&amp;usg=AFQjCNEqG7fXBKORV_KnxS0ZMU2XWKX-Gg\">Chicago Review of Books<\/a>, <em>a contributing writer at <\/em>Chicago<em> magazine, and a book critic at the <\/em>Minneapolis Star Tribune<em>.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In October 1907\u2014a few months after Upton Sinclair\u2019s The Jungle horrified Chicago\u2014a new bookstore opened on the seventh floor of the Fine Arts Building downtown. In her autobiography, Margaret Anderson, the founder and editor of The Little Review, called it \u201cthe most beautiful bookshop in the world.\u201d But Browne\u2019s Bookstore survived for only five years. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1430,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15950],"tags":[33371,33373,938,33368,33370,3491,33375,33369,33374,33372,6068,3890],"class_list":["post-122847","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-on-architecture","tag-brownes-books","tag-caxton-club","tag-chicago","tag-fine-arts-building","tag-francis-fisher-browne","tag-frank-lloyd-wright","tag-frank-lloyd-wright-a-biography","tag-margaret-anderson","tag-meryle-secrest","tag-studebaker-company","tag-the-little-review","tag-upton-sinclair"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.4 (Yoast SEO v25.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>When Frank Lloyd Wright Designed a Bookstore<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Margaret Anderson, the 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